Sometimes its the most you can get away with and still save the tree.
With some trees, even saving half the drip-line width would render use and access to a property null and void.
In that case, the tree would have to go.
I'm not sure if I use a formula as much as trying to figure out the farthest possible that everything can be placed from the tree.
If there is a sidewalk - how far can it be away? If it can't be far, how skinny can it become.
If there is a fence, how few fence posts can be used, and can they be stretched farther apart than usual to damage less roots.
It there is a driveway, can it be curved rather than straight?
Almost more than measurements, it becomes a matter of how many things can be modified and moved. Or eliminated.