Yep...those are lichens.
The thing I generally also add when talking about lichens on trees:
Lichens do better with a little more sun. So...if you had no lichens on the tree, then "suddenly" they start appearing and you look up and realize your tree is worse shape than it was a few years ago the natural tendency is to blame the tree's decline on the green fungus you see on the trunk. HOWEVER, that is a case of reversed cause and effect. Something else caused the tree to decline. The lichens are now able to thrive in the newly available sunlight. So while they do often correspond to the timing of the tree's decline, they have NOTHING to do with the cause of it.