Howdy,
The wearing out of guidebar grooves is usually related to the width of the groove gauge on the guidebar as new. If the groove is sloppy on the chain after the paint is worn out, the life will be short. This is true with a vengence on longer bars, where the laying over of the chain causes the bar to hang in the cut when trying to fall a tree.
The wear rate is always faster in a loose fit. If you couple this with filing of the chain that causes it to persistantly lead one way, the bar life for a professional faller with a 30 inch bar can be as little as two weeks! (I documented this at Franklin River camp on Vancouver Island with 36 fallers).
As far as alloy differences are conscerned, it is fairly standard for professional bars to be made on an alloy of 5150 or 5160. Laminated bars are usually made for the consumer market on high carbon alloys, usually 1075. There is such a thing as professional laminated bars, such as by Sandvick in Sweden, and they are on a slightly improved alloy with Vanadium and Silicon added. These are a special design to resist cold weather useage. Even they have never proven successful in lengths over 18 inches, due to the fact that any laminated bar tends to open up that groove width due to stretch and fatigue of the spotwelds or projection welds, and this then gets into the groove width problem previously described.
Nose starwheel breakage is usually a function of the starwheel design. The big secret is the coined tooth tip. If the tip of the tooth is relieved to the side (like a bicycle sprocket) the chain can derail with minimum twisting of the sprocket, and hence greatly reduced forces on the starwheel. It may not break at the time of the derailment, but will be seriously weakened and fail later. Field tests have demonstrated that a simple martempered starwheel with this relief, will out-last even an Austempered and shotpeened starwheel without! Ok, the secret is out.
The problem with all this is the "Quality costs money" problem. It is expensive to do it right and it requires knowledge of what is required. Different markets do have somewhat different requirements, as I have alluded to above.
Regards,
Walt Galer