Also it would be a good idea to check out macdizzy's site on motorcycle and watercraft engines, that guy is amazing. As these guys have pointed out, there are many, many good books out there, most of which can be read free of charge at your local library, on tuning 2-stroke engines. You need to know the relations of port shapes and timing and their effect on the capabilities of what you're building an engine for.
You need to look at the entirety of the motor and visualize the flow, as a 2-stroke engine is basically an air pump. If you look at macdizzy's site he gives some good numbers to start with on porting, he also shows the use of a degree wheel, depth dial indicator, and graduated cylinder for measuring cc's of squish area, combustion chamber, and compression ring.
The absolute best way to learn is to start with a good design ( like the stihl 066 ) and improve upon it. Some engines are naturally condusive to modification through their design, some aren't. Some are just too much work to be worth it.