By the flywheel fins dividing 360deg/18fins=20deg, then further subdividing by half and ticks within the half. Approximate port timing on this cylinder appears to be:Um, might help if you explain firstly which 55 cylinder you have- 46mm open port or 45mm closed port.
Even better if you explain what you might be trying to achieve.
If you are thinking of grabbing some form of flex drive grinder and doing a bit of porting- buy or make your own degree wheel first and measure what you are starting with.