It is easier to say what is wrong, just as with the law "tho shalt not..."
Some things are right in a narrow situation, such as utility ROW or highway ROW, but much of what is done there is still wrong because they hack for reasons of expediency. It all goes back to my argument of: are you doing tree care or wood cutting?
In tree care we work with the growth patterns to ensure that the organism can survive in the landscape for the longest possible time. Wood cutters cut whatever wood the person paying them think should be done; or they try to tell the customer they know what is best, because it is the easiest way to make maximize profit from the job.
I have talked people into doing less work; say a sequential removal of large low limbs, to allow the tree to adapt to the loss of dynamic mass on the tree. Many come around to my way of thinking and agree to live with a reduction of the limb vs a complete removal.
Another is convincing people that "limbing up" is not the best way to prune a tree, then there is the idea that the bigger the debris pile is the bigger the value to the client is. I take more time, taking out less, so that the tree can live more.
Now to the anthropomorphic question: if trees could manage their own growth, would they have included crotches and low limbs that over-compete with the central leaders? If all it took was common sense then anyone could do a good job, the very idea sells short the years of practice and learning many of us have put into our professions (not that I take offense, just love getting on the soapbox)
Proper tree maintenance takes an educated and thoughtful approach over a long period of time.