Looks like you took some thick angle iron and made the slide. The side pieces that clamp under the beam, one side looks thick enough, the other side, no so well. Neither side is long enough to hold up to a knarly split with that 4.5in cylnder. I suggest that if you have any of that thick angle left I would cut another piece that is wider than the hbeam. Wide enough that you can bolt the beam clams thru the angle and under the hbeam instead of bolting to the side of the angle.
To fix the worn spots on the hbeam, I see several options, but not all of them can be accomplished with your small welder, at least not easily. Simplest fix would be to weld up the worn areas and grind back smooth. If you have some carbon blocks or a good piece of copper to use as backer plate, you can clamp the backer material to the underside of the hbeam, just below the worn spots, and start running beads of weld along the worn areas. The weld wont stick to the copper or carbon and the backer plate will supply support to keep the weld from sagging or dripping while you are welding the buildup. How much grinding you have to do will just depend on how smooth your welding is.
Option 2 is to simply plate the top of the hbeam with more metal, since you are needing to build another pusher block, the block can be made to accommodate the thicker top flange after plating. Plating the top of the hbeam will also help with any flexing in the hbeam when your splitting a tuff round.
Option 3, your welder really isnt up to the task, but I'll throw it out there anyways. You can cut everything loose from the top of the beam, wedge, cylinder mounts, etc, and flip the beam over and reweld everything back in place, or simply find another hbeam and weld everything to it. Lots of work and with a small welder, I dont recommend it since your welder isnt really up to the task.