I've seen what you describe inside chainsaw carbs that is so fine it gets past the in tank gas filter and clogs/restricts the screen in the carb. Saw usually idles and runs fine piss reving out of the cut but start bogging in the cut under load.
Most generally what I find is a very fine of what appears to be a mold of some sort attached to the walls of the fuel tank and very hard to remove. Almost like baking soda consistency and also I've seen different colors of the mold. Can be seen on fingers when a finger is wiped in the gas tank wall and sometimes can be seen with a good flashlight inspection.
I suspect it forms if a gas tank is left completely empty for long time and even worse if the gas tank is magnesium, galvanized, aluminum types and some plastics types..