Western trash trees
From the various clear cut slash piles that I regularly harvest firewood from around here, and from what I hear from local loggers, and from what we have growing here on our 105 arcre lot... lets see. Lots to tell.
Basically here in the coastal range of central Oregon they clear-cut doug fir and red cedar, and cut and leave the rest as 'trash trees'. The trash trees include: bigleaf and vine maple, madrone, california black oak, Oregon white oak, and grand fir. I find maple, oak and madrone the most in burned slash piles here that I pick through for firewood. Lots of cull logs of doug fir and cedar too. Insence sedar is another tree that they sometimes take and sometimes leave. Prices for cedar are high now, as is alder. Lately they have been cutting alder. We also have sugar and ponderosa pine around here, as well as KMX (knobcone-Montery pine cross).
From ancient records here, these forests were once climax forests with Douglas firs and Hemlock as the dominant species. Doug fir is by far the dominant planted species of tree here for harvesting. Once upon a time costal redwoods grew this far north. When this property was first logged 150 years ago, there were a lot more ponderosa pines mixed in with doug and grand fir, red and insence cedars, CA black oaks, maples, and alder. On this 105 acre property now, Douglas fir is the dominant species of mature trees, maybe 50% of what we have. Another 20% is grand fir. 10% is red cedar. The rest is a mix of insence cedar, willows (7 types), cottonwoods, Oregon ash, Pacific Dogwood, California black oak, Pacific Madrone, bigleaf and vine maple, red alder and then some old orchard trees (apple, pear, plum, and walnut). This area was a big plum and apple producing area between WWI and WWII.
We have an intersting mix of trees here as this property has been a cattle, sheep, horse and goat ranch and an orchard over the years. It has been logged at least 3 times and there are doug fir stumps here that are over 10 ft across (logged back in 1980). This area was populated by the Kalapooya Indians before white settlers came here in the 1850s. We have cleared areas that date back to the Indians burning here every summer. David Douglas noted the fires when he was here doing a survey in the early 19th century. We have California black oaks that are over 400 years old, and bigleaf maples over 100 years old. They could not have grown in the understory of Douglas or grand firs. They could only grow where there were regular fires to clear out the undergrowth of trees. They are being grown under and over by these trees now, and if they are left alone, they will be choked out by the conifers. So we are starting to cut out the younger firs to save some of the stands of old oaks and maples. We also have a 10 acre canyon that is mostly red cedar. It was logged about 30 years ago, and the new stand has grown in and repaced it.
In the more dense forests here we have a general mix of mostly firs, with a sprinkling of oaks, bigleaf maple and madrone. We are trying to preserve that diversity, as well as replant where the previous owners clear-cut and high-graded. We have planted tousands of trees here in the past 4 years. Doug and grand fir, giant sequoia, coastal redwood, red and insence cedar, ponderosa pine (great for hot and wet spots), Oregon white oak, Oregon ash, bigleaf and vine maple, red alder and willows. Some areas we are putting into a cut and replant forest plan, and some areas we are preserving in the forest plan. We are also preserving some of the open areas under the forest plan for wildlife. Cutting is on a 40 year cycle, and we are not going to be around to harvest any of the trees that we are planting here now. But it improves the value of the property should we dicide to sell this place.
Long answer to a simple question I guess, but I have been steeped in this place for the past 2-1/2 years observing and thinking about this stuff.