Thanx for the explanation.. is this info clear in the owners manual? What does the dealer tell the computer about the charge rate. Or does it let it decide ? (flash the memory) Can it get more complex?It's the computer. The ecm learns how many amps it take to keep a battery at a certain voltage. There's also a current sensor that almost all vehicles have now that the computer uses to measure the flow of amps in and out of the battery. This allows it to charge at the bare minimum for the best fuel economy. So what happens is when the battery is changed on some makes without letting the ecm know is it will overcharge the new battery. Old batteries are more resistant to charging than new batteries so the battery will run hot with the excessive amperage. This is more a problem with the AGM batteries in most new vehicles. This is only true with some makes, others just use the measured voltage to base the charge rate on, which makes sense to me.