The bar length has nothing to do with the "gearing".
You are not changing the "speed at which it runs"... just the speed LIMIT if required. Re-read my longer post a few back.
And NO, you don't change the mixture when you change a bar
unless you need to STOP it from exceeding the max design RPM. Chasing the mixture setting all over the place with different bars sizes is a recipe for meltdown.
Under-sizing a bar is as problematic as over-sizing. On say a 361, on a short bar (16) you should be looking at an 8 tooth sprocket (your "gear"). On a medium bar (20-24), a 7, and on a long bar (28), a 7 plus the move to skip chain. Maybe skip at 24 also... The idea is to stay IN the power band while the throttle is wide open.
I once ran an 036 with a 16 bar, 8 tooth sprocket and a full skip chain. Cut 10 inch alder like butter! and I could sharpen the chain in about 1 minute. But in an instant it was real easy to be cutting at 12.5k... and it should have been at 9-10k. I probably should have been running full comp, but...
Be careful on short bars and big saws - the chain needs to be cutting and the HP going into the chips... If you put a 16" bar on a 660, then tune it for max rpm (it will be really rich and not optimal), you can't get a sprocket big enough, so the only option is to move to a bigger chain... Nothing like .404 for throwing chips.
Confused? Good! now go cut some wood