Well "loophole" may not be the best description, but basically these EPA bureaucrats don't understand how a wood furnace is normally used/run, and HY-C (parent company) has them convinced that SOP is to "stoke the fire" by the Tstat calling for heat every so many minutes...which may be true on a really cold day, or in a really leaky house, but would not be SOP in the
vast majority of installations on most days...the end result of this modulation during testing is that they are able to keep the secondary burn nursed along by giving it a little extra air every few minutes (don't know the intervals) which keeps it burning relatively cleanly...
but in the real world, the furnace usually does have a call for heat when you reload, but then once the target temp is met, the combustion blower is off for quite a stretch, which results in secondary fire dying off (due to poor firebox/air distribution design) and the fire going smoky...then when the Tstat eventually calls for heat again, the blower starts up, which all too often results in a large back-puff when the fire "catches" again.
I know there are a few people that are satisfied with these things (very few) heck, I know one guy personally, but since these things first showed up in 2017 I'd say it runs 10:1 PO'd/regretful owners to happy owners...certainly not too many
long term happy owners!
The EPA fortunately now realizes that their current testing procedure does not reflect "real world usage" in every case...they're supposedly working on solving the issue...hard to say how long that will take though!
The back-puffing issue, and the red hot furnace face/cracking/warping parts issue have been pretty well documented online...not hard to find. Search FC1000E and SF1000E, same furnace under different names/colors (Fire Chief/Shelter, both HY-C companies)
And be careful when you are reading the reviews on this furnace, these sneaky buggers have reviews for the old design (which was fine, as smoke dragons go anyways) mixed in there too...its kinda hard to tell what model the review was actually written for, but if you see they are talking about shaker grates, or smoke bypasses, that's the old models for sure.
And watch buying anything made under the USS umbrella of brands too, they just got caught selling pre-2020 models as "2020 certified" (they're not)
https://forgreenheat.blogspot.com/2021/04/whistleblower-alleges-wood-stove.html