Application Considerations: The most volatile of the 2,4-D esters, methyl and isopropyl, have been banned in the U.S. (Que Hee & Sutherland 1981), but some volatile ester formulations of 2,4-D remain available. Both localized damage from immediate drift, and widespread damage resulting from clouds of volatilized 2,4-D, have been reported (WHO 1984). To reduce the amount lost to vaporization, low-volatile (long-chain) esters are available. In addition, the alkali and amine salts are much less volatile and may be more appropriate for use where esters could volatize and damage nontarget plants (WHO 1984). Volatilization also can be reduced by using corn oil or cottonseed oil adjuvants (WHO 1984). Spray nozzles should deliver a coarse spray and 2,4-D should not be applied when wind speeds exceed five miles per hour (Hansen et al. 1984).